ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of regular basic education teachers. Despite the fact that in recent months the number of infections has decreased significantly, the return to face-to-face classes is of great concern to teachers due to the adverse educational context they must face. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine whether or not psychological distress is significantly related to burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. This research employed a quantitative approach, the design was non-experimental, and the type of study was descriptive–correlational and cross-sectional. In total, 184 teachers participated and responded using the Psychological Distress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which are instruments with adequate psychometric properties. The results indicated that 40.7% of the teachers had a moderate level of psychological distress, and 45.1% also had a moderate level of burnout syndrome. Likewise, it was found that the Pearson's r correlation coefficient between the variables psychological distress and burnout syndrome was 0.752, and the p-value was below the level of significance (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between psychological distress and burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. For this reason, it is suggested that the Ministry of Education should design policies that allow a reassessment of the work that teachers have been carrying out and that promote the implementation of preventive and corrective programs to improve their mental health. © 2023 by the authors.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to explore the works and existing scientific information in the databases on work stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The specific objectives were: to determine the approaches addressed by research on work stress and to analyze the main results achieved. The study was of a documentary type, with a bibliographic design, framed in a systematic review. The articles indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases were reviewed, considering the keywords and search limits: work stress, pandemic and COVID-19, published between 2020 and 2022;obtaining 161 articles. The inclusion criteria were applied: original articles, dealing with the subject, in English and with open access;leaving a sample of 22 publications, presented according to a PRISMA diagram. The main approaches addressed were: work stress, working life and remote work;work stress in health workers;work stress in agricultural workers;job stress in restaurant workers;work stress in teaching workers;work stress in prison workers and work stress, depression and anxiety. The results reveal that the workers who experienced the greatest work stress were those in the health sector, considering the latent risk of contagion for being the front-line personnel in care. Consequently, it was determined that the impact of resilience and social support can help minimize this condition.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzed the perception of Mechanical Engineering and Systems Engineering students in the process of evaluating teacher performance in online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was descriptive-correlational research. The results showed that the Systems Engineering students performed a better perception with the class session management factor and low qualification to the didactic strategies factor. Likewise, the Pearson correlation test indicated a significant relationship (0.000) between the specific factors on the overall performance factor. The topic factor has the greatest strength on the qualification of the overall performance factor, with a constant Pearson's correlation of 0.964. The Mechanical Engineering students showed a better perception with the class session planning factor and low qualification to the didactic strategies factor. Likewise, the Pearson correlation test indicated a significant relationship (0.000) between the specific factors on the overall performance factor. The didactic strategies factor being the one that has the greatest strength on the qualification of the overall performance factor, with a correlation constant Pearson's of 0.983. © 2022, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This research is a systematic review article on public policies and social determinants during the Covid-19 pandemic, this study has a qualitative approach, basic-descriptive type, with N=180 articles reviewed, of which N=160 excluded, remaining 20 articles selected. The reviewed studies correspond to 35% to the theme of social determinants, followed by 35% to the theme of the Covid19 pandemic and 30% to the theme of Health Policy, reflecting that at the global level the policies aimed at managing health have not advanced at the same pace as the challenges of the speed and diversity of society imposes, due to the weak and insufficient approach to inequities, determining factors of health. © 2022, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: At the end of 2019 in Wuhan-China, atypical pneumonias were reported;a new coronavirus was the cause. It was designated as SARS-CoV-2 and is responsible for millions of infections and thousands of deaths worldwide. Pregnant women are a vulnerable population against viral infections of the respiratory tract due to the physiological changes at this stage. Objectives: To carry out a bibliographic review to identify the impact of SARS-CoV2 infection during pregnancy and its relationship with maternal complications. Methods: A review of the information in the Medline / Pubmed, BVS and Scopus databases is carried out, using the terms COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, pregnancy. Analysis and synthesis of the information: Pregnant women generally have mild forms of the disease, however, there is evidence in the reviewed literature that these women have high risk of complications, such as preterm delivery and fetal distress, which is why it is required maternal and fetal monitoring. Likewise, no evidence of vertical transmission has been found. Conclusions: A vigilance of both the mother and her product is required during the disease period because there is risk of fetal distress and preterm delivery. The evidence found is not enough to suggest a possible vertical transmission and its impact on the newborn, so vaginal delivery is considered appropriate as the first choice, and reserving cesarean delivery only when obstetrically necessary. © 2021, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Digital competences are part of the profile of the educational professional in virtual situations. Better development of these capacities is assumed in emerging virtual education systems due to the educational models that emerged in a pandemic. The objective of the research was to analyze the digital competences in remote education of 280 managers and teachers from two situational contexts. Using the quantitative approach, a descriptive study was carried out, with a transectional evaluation method. This allowed the application of a scale of digital competences in two periods of the year of pandemic prevalence by Sars-Cov-2 in the year 2020. As results, differences were found in the average and indices of difference analyzed, these sustained the increase in levels of digital competences in teachers, unlike the directors of educational institutions located in vulnerable contexts, higher levels and averages were found in the abilities of acquisition and use of information, communication and collaboration, and in the creation of digital resources. As a conclusion, there is a higher level of digital competences developed in teachers as opposed to managers, highlighting higher levels of communication and collaboration skills, as well as the creation of digital resources. © 2021, Universidad del Zulia. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Recent outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome, along with the threat of a future coronavirus-mediated pandemic, underscore the importance of finding ways to combat these viruses. The trimeric spike transmembrane glycoprotein S mediates entry into host cells and is the major target of neutralizing antibodies. To understand the humoral immune response elicited upon natural infections with coronaviruses, we structurally characterized the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV S glycoproteins in complex with neutralizing antibodies isolated from human survivors. Although the two antibodies studied blocked attachment to the host cell receptor, only the anti-SARS-CoV S antibody triggered fusogenic conformational changes via receptor functional mimicry. These results provide a structural framework for understanding coronavirus neutralization by human antibodies and shed light on activation of coronavirus membrane fusion, which takes place through a receptor-driven ratcheting mechanism. Structural analysis of the SARS-CoV S and MERS-CoV S glycoproteins in complex with neutralizing antibodies from human survivors sheds light into the mechanisms of membrane fusion and neutralization
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The COVID-19 quarantine has greatly affected university students in Peru, generating a series of physical, psychological and behavioral effects. Objetive: To determine the factors associated with anxiety, depression, somatization and experiential avoidance in peruvian university students quarantined by COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out. The sample was made up of 1264 university students from various departments of Peru, anxiety, depression, somatization and experiential avoidance were taken as dependent variables, which were evaluated with the questionnaire "The Inventory of unadjusted psychosocial behavior, in the presence of COVID-19 in the Peruvian population”and the AAQ II, for the statistical analysis the chi square was used. Results: More than half of the university students in Peru present between 3 and 6 of the 6 anxiety indicators, and this same number of depression indicators is presented by 45% of the sample. 30% of the sample has between 3 and 6 indicators of somatization and 40.3% of the sample is located in the middle upwards on the experiential avoidance scale. Conclusions: There are differences in the levels of anxiety, somatization and experiential avoidance between men and women, it was also found that older students had lower levels of anxiety, depression and experiential avoidance, but not in somatization.